The special achievements in studies on quality improvement in health care are attributed to the United

States, where in 1951 The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organisations (JCAHO) was established. Already after a few years all types of medical facilities were within the scope of the organisation. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organisations dealt with the requirements for the health care facilities, guidelines of conduct in specific clinical situations, and the accreditation system elaborating.
The problem of providing service quality is one of the most fundamental for modern health care functioning. Nowadays, the quality of health care has become a priority for both health managers and people involved in the wider health policy. Currently, the most common sets of standards and indicators for assessing the medical services quality are those developed by the above-mentioned American organisation JCAHO.
Management of medical services quality
According to the definition developed by the JCAHO, the quality is a degree in which each service provided to the patient in accordance with the current state of knowledge, raises the probability of obtaining the desired outcome of care and reduces the likelihood of adverse effects appearance.
Management of medical services quality is an interdisciplinary issue. The term “quality” refers both to the correctness of the service provision in light of current medical knowledge and standards, as well as factors relevant to the patient. This approach determines the quality of health services in two dimensions: technical (from the point of view the entity providing health services) and functional (in the patient’s opinion).
The technical quality includes all the elements necessary to manufacture the final product, so anything that affects the result of operational processes, such as medical equipment, security, knowledge and professional skills of employees, used medical technologies, applied procedures and instructions or accepted standards. The technical quality is difficult to assess by the patients and therefore the functional quality, determined by the contact between provider and recipient has become an important issue.
Therefore, the functional quality is a consequence of patient’s medical service assessment and constitutes the sum of his experiences in relation to a specific therapeutic entity. (...)
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